What is PE?
- It is part of the total education program that contributes, primarily through physical activity to the total growth and development of all children.
- It is an instructional program that address all learning domans;
- psycho motor, cognitive, and affective
- Ability to learn active skills
- PE Teacher must do more than teach skills of physical fitness. Today a PE Teacher must teach
- healthy eating habits, stress reduction, substance abuse, sun safety, weight management and active lifestyles to prevent long term hypo kinetic disease
The evolution of PE?
- Ancient Greeks and Romans used PE to prepare young male warriors
- United States
- German and Swedish influence 1800-1900
- German system favored gymnastics, which required a lot of equipment and special teachers
- Swedish system incorporated an exercise program into activiy presentations
- Emphasis on Games and Sport
- 1/3 of Men drafted in WWI were rejected due to physcial fitness - not much has changed 2009, 35% of men were rejected
- State law set minimums.. PE took hit during no child left behind and increase in accessible technology
- School programs developed using games and sports developed by John Dewey at Columbia U profoundly influenced US through Mid 20th century..Two of Dweys cardinal aimes stressed physcial activity and games
- National Concerns about Physical Fitness
- 1950s Kraus Weber test of 4000 NY Area school children and european found that we were behind the europe
- PEDALOGICAL Infuences
- These are brought on by people not wanting the status quo.. Examples include
- Movement Educations
- 1960s in New England
- revolt against structured fitness programs
- featured problem solving and expolarion
- rejection of physical fitness oriented activities
- increased emphasis on instructions focusted on the individual
- Perceptual Motor Programs
- "Remedy learning difficulties attribuited to breakdown in perpetual motor development
- Theory - everyone progressed in an orderly way -- not always the case...
- Flourished due to concerns over slow or delayed learners - cordination, balance, postural controls - Clutzs.. Accident Prone
- Conceptual learning
- Abstract ideas drawn from experience
- Students have a lecture and then apply it in a lab or on fellow students - how, what why....
- They learn to use diagnostic tests covering;
- Muscular strength, endurance, flexibility, body composition, and motor ability
- Increasing knowledge to increase prestige of PE or increase the chances are students will part take in life long learning and activity with healthy liofe styles
- Value and Attitude Development
- 1990s - schools to teach values, morals, responsibility - substance abuse, sex education, AIDS awareness
- FEDERAL LAWS
- TITLE IX
- PL 94-142 inclusion
- PL 101-476 IDEA
- Child Nutrition & WIC
- Contemporary social influences
- Nationwide concern over health and wellness
- Demand for back to the basics
- Health Promotion - Healthy People 2020
Current Status?
- PE losing PE Teaching due to coaching, exercise science, sports studies, bio-mechanics, exercise physiology
- Despite buzzwords - most important promoting physical activity and healthy eating/ healthy life time behaviors
- Numbers in PE Decreasing - states allow exemptions to get out of PE - ROTC/BAND/SPORTS
The Need for PE Programs?
- Why - most PE revolution this decase has been focused on Middle age and elderly
- 3x as many overweight youths in last 30 years
- only 60% of 18-34 years olds had a good PE experience in HS
- Obese youths = obese adults
- a quality PE progran educates and contribute to academics - EXAMPLE SPARK PROGRAM
- Give kids skills they need to be active adults
- Give kids immediate and long term health benefits - reduce hypo-kinetic diseases
- Active kids = active adults
The Content of PE?
- Content standards focus what kids should know and be able to do before advancing
- multiple strategies for teaching student logs, teacher observations, class projects, journals, portfolios
NASPE Content Standards for PE
- covers
- Movement skills
- fundamental motor skills
- locomotor skills
- WALKING, SKIPPING, LEAPING, SLIDING
- nonlocomotor skills
- ROLLING, CURLING, TWISTING, STRETCHING, PUSHING, AND PULLING
- Manipulative skills
- moving hand and feet together - eye hand foot coordination - sports related areas
- Specialized skills
- Body Management
- Rhythmic movement
- Gymnastic
- Game skills
- Sports Skills
- Outcome developments
Essential Components of a Quality PE Program (8)
- Content Standard through NAPSE
- Student Centered & Developmentally Oriented
- Physical Activity and Motor Skills
- Management skills - self discipline
- inclusion
- learning correctly
- lifetime personal fitness and wellness
- responsibility, cooperation amddiviersity
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